Fingerprints
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3 Main Fingerprint Patterns:
Fingerprints are friction ridges that are the result of folded layers of dermis that have developed during fetal development. They are unique in that they are formed in variations that are due to the flow of the anionic fluid in the womb.
Fingerprints are investigated with three levels:
Level 1- There are three main types of prints- Loop, Whole, and Arch
Level 2- There are location of different minutiae that makes one print distinguishable from another.
Level 3- There are pores that are found in the ridges that have various locations, differing from one print to another.
Hair
Structure of Hair
Hair is threadlike strands growing from the skin that are filled with various proteins. Hair's main structure is consisting of a cuticle, cortex, and medulla.
Medullary index can be measured to determine if a hair is of human or animal. In addition, the cuticle pattern can be investigated to determine the type of species it had originated from.
Hair is an excellent source of evidence, since it can be evaluated from toxicity, alterations of cuticle and cortex condition, and the presence/absence/interrupted presence of a medulla.
Objectives: you will develop an understanding of:
Hair is threadlike strands growing from the skin that are filled with various proteins. Hair's main structure is consisting of a cuticle, cortex, and medulla.
Medullary index can be measured to determine if a hair is of human or animal. In addition, the cuticle pattern can be investigated to determine the type of species it had originated from.
Hair is an excellent source of evidence, since it can be evaluated from toxicity, alterations of cuticle and cortex condition, and the presence/absence/interrupted presence of a medulla.
Objectives: you will develop an understanding of:
- the chemical composition and structure of hair
- how hair is formed and how it grows
- how we can tell where on the body a hair sample originated
- how ethnicity information can be gotten from a hair sample
- how information about the treatment of hair can be obtained
- how hair can be used in toxicological studies
- how can diseases and abnormalities be used to characterize hair samples
- how hair samples are collected and analyzed
Fiber
Fibers are often woven together into cloth used for clothing; they can be twisted into ropes, present into sheets, paper, felt, surgical dressings, and artificial skin. Fibers are found in carpets, automobiles, and the list goes on. There are three main categories of fibers: natural, synthetic, and regenerated.
Objectives: you will develop an understanding of:
- the types of natural and man-made fibers, their composition and formation
- how fibers in cloth can provide production and history information of the cloth